Nutrition education in the medical school: factors critical to the development of a successful program.

The importance of better nutrition education in the medical school has become more recognized and emphasized in recent years. In an attempt to fulfill increasing needs for teaching programs, unproven approaches have often been used, thereby risking loss of both effectiveness of instruction and student interest. A retrospective evaluation of a decade of teaching experience at the University of Alabama in Birmingham has resulted in a better understanding of what problems may be encountered in the development of a nutrition education program. From this review, two factors appear to be of critical importance to a successful program: relevance of the course material to medical practice and the presence of a strong, positive role model as a physician-nutritionist. Five other factors that need to be considered, but often receive undue priorities, are also discussed.     

新生儿感染性疾病检测方法现状

感染性疾病为新生儿科临床关注的重点.随着免疫学、基因诊断学及流式细胞学技术的发展,新生儿感染性疾病的诊断获得颇多新进展.作者拟就近年新生儿感染性疾病检测方法研究现状,综述如下.     

Early education and inclusion in Poland

The purpose of this article is to present a Polish point of view of integration work with children needing assistance. Since the 70th year of the twentieth century, the Polish kindergarten was starting to realize a new educational and care duty. The changing of duty was a consequence of psychological and pedagogical research study which encircled six‐year‐old children, and children with special needs, before starting in the first class of elementary school. With 30 years of retrospective views, we could not evaluate this process as effectively, because these activities do not solve the problem of coping with school evaluative standards by children. Kindergarten remains the first, not obligatory link of education for children needing assistance. This article also presents a new method of work with pre‐school‐age children in Polish kindergartens, based on polysensual child activities.     

化学法与免疫法测定便潜血的临床应用评价

目的：探讨粪便潜血二种检测方法的优劣和应用。方法：用邻联甲苯（O-tolidine）法和免疫肢体金法分别检测300例粪便标本进行对照实验并分析。结果：二种方法测得结果一致性符合率在90％以上。结论：受饮食影响因素，化学法灵敏度、特异性较免疫胶体金法低；免疫胶体金法有假阴性结果，故建议二者结合判断。     

Improvement of the Prediction Power of the CoMFA and CoMSIA Models on Histamine H3 Antagonists by Different Variable Selection Methods

The aim of this study is to enhance the predictivity power of CoMFA and CoMSIA models by means of different variable selection algorithms. The genetic algorithm (GA), successive projection algorithm (SPA), stepwise multiple linear regression (SW-MLR), and the enhanced replacement method (ERM) were used and tested as variable selection algorithms. Then, the selected variables were used to generate a simple and predictive model by the multilinear regression algorithm. A set of 74 histamine H₃ antagonists were split into 40 compounds as a training set, and 17 compounds as a test set, by the Kennard-Stone algorithm. Before splitting the data, 17 compounds were randomly selected from the pool of the whole data set as an evaluation set without any supervision, pretreatment, or visual inspection. Among applied variable selection algorithms, ERM had noticeable improvement on the statistical parameters. The r² values of training, test, and evaluation sets for the ERM-MLR model using CoMFA fields were 0.9560, 0.8630, and 0.8460 and using the CoMSIA fields were 0.9800, 0.8521, and 0.9080, respectively. In this study, the principles of organization for economic cooperation and development (OECD) for regulatory acceptability of QSARs are considered.     

鼻内镜下揭盖法治疗鼻前庭囊肿24例临床观察

目的观察鼻内镜下揭盖术治疗鼻前庭囊肿的临床效果。方法在鼻内镜下对24例患者行鼻前庭囊肿揭盖术，观察其治疗效果和并发症情况。结果24例均获治愈。无并发症，随访半年以上，均未见囊肿复发和并发症。结论鼻内镜下揭盖术治疗鼻前庭囊肿具有手术精确、创伤小、愈合快、并发症少等优点，值得临床推广应用。     

FTIR Spectroscopy: A Tool for Quantitative Analysis of Ciprofloxacin in Tablets

A simple, accurate and sensitive spectroscopic method has been proposed for the assay of ciprofloxacin in tablet by least square treatment of fourier transform infrared spectrometric data obtained at the wavenumber corresponding to the carbonyl group centered at 1707 cm^-1. The method involves the extraction of the active ingredient with methanol followed by phosphate buffer pH 6.0. The excipients in the commercial tablet preparation did not interfere with the assay. The specifity, linearity, detection limits, precision and accuracy of the calibration curve, drug extraction, infrared analysis and data manipulation were determined in order to validate the method. Moreover, the statistical results were compared with other methods for quantification of ciprofloxacin.     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定柏树叶中Zn Mn的含量

目的:测定柏树叶中Zn、Mn元素的含量。方法:HNO3∶HClO4(4+1)分解样品,火焰原子吸收光谱法测定柏树叶中微量元素Zn、Mn的含量。结果:柏树叶中含有丰富的微量元素Zn、Mn,含量分别为37.25μg/g,21.75μg/g,RSD<2.2%,加标回收率88.90%～108.00%。结论:柏树叶中含有丰富的微量元素且Zn的含量大于Mn。     

Testing a parametric function against a non‐parametric alternative in IV and GMM settings

Summary This paper develops a specification test for functional form for models identified by a conditional moment restriction, including IV and GMM settings. The framework is one where the moment restriction is specified as a function of data, a finite‐dimensional parameter vector and a non‐parametric function (an infinite‐dimensional parameter vector). The null hypothesis is that the moment restriction does not depend on the non‐parametric function. The test is relatively easy to implement and its asymptotic distribution is known. The test performs well in simulation experiments.     

The impact of the integrative perceptual approach on the teaching of Chinese characters in a Hong Kong kindergarten

This study investigated the effectiveness of the integrative perceptual approach (IPA) to enhancing Hong Kong kindergarten children’s Chinese character learning. The study applied the IPA to an experimental group of 29 lower form (K2) children. A group of 30 upper form children taught via traditional methods the year before, served as the control group. Quantitative data consisted of pre‐ and post‐test scores, analysed using dependent and independent t‐testing. It was found that the pupils in the experimental group had significantly improved their ability between pre‐ and post‐testing in three aspects of Chinese character mastery: shape, sound and meaning recognition. The progress made was significantly superior to that made by control group counterparts. Qualitative data gathered through teacher and parent interviews indicated that the pupils in the experimental group displayed increased awareness of the composition of several components and structures of Chinese characters.